Access control

Access Control System

Access control is a method of guaranteeing that users are who they say they are and that they have the appropriate access to company data.

At a high level, access control is a selective restriction of access to data. It consists of two main components:

authentication and authorization, says Daniel Crowley, head of research for IBM, which focuses on data security.

Authentication is a technique used to verify that someone is who they claim to be. Authentication isn’t sufficient by itself to protect data, Crowley notes. What’s needed is an additional layer, authorization, which determines whether a user should be allowed to access the data or make the transaction they’re attempting.

Without authentication and authorization, there is no data security. Access controls are among the first policies investigated. Whether it be the inadvertent exposure of sensitive data improperly secured by an end-user or where sensitive data was exposed through a public-facing web server operating with a software vulnerability, access controls are a key component. When not properly implemented or maintained, the result can be catastrophic.”

Any organization whose employees connect to the internet—in other words, every organization today—needs some level of access control in place. “That’s especially true of businesses with employees who work out of the office and require access to the company data resources and services. Put another way: If your data could be of any value to someone without the proper authorization to access it, then your organization needs strong access control.

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